黄石采石场废弃地生态恢复过程中的土壤变化

摘要

以黄石市黄荆山的采石场废弃地为研究对象，在种植槽、挡土墙和飘台设置3个固定样地，测定其在生态恢复过程中土壤特性的变化。研究结果表明：3个样地的土壤容重显著增大，毛管空隙度、非毛管空气度、总孔隙度和毛管持水量均减小。各样地土壤pH减小或稳定，有机质、全N、全P、碱解N、有效P、有效K的含量增加，全K的含量减小，土壤脲酶、磷酸酶活性增大，过氧化氢酶活性在挡土墙和飘台的增大，而在种植槽减小。2013年飘台的有机质、氮、有效磷含量，土壤脲酶和磷酸酶活性均显著大于种植槽和挡土墙。%The soil characteristics changes during ecological restoration in the abandoned quarries were studied in the north slope of Huangjing mountain in Huangshi city after setting up three permanent plots including planting trough plot (PTP), retaining wall plot (RWP) and floating plate plot (FPP). The results revealed that the soil bulk density increased while the capillary porosity, non-capillary porosity, total porosity, capillary and water holding capacity decreased at the three plots;the soil pH increased or remained steady, and the contents of soil organic matter, total N, total P, total K, alkalized N, available P, available K, activities of soil urease and phosphatase increased, whereas the total K content decreased at the three plots;the soil catalase activity increased at RWP and FPP and decreased at PTP. The contents of organic matter, N, available P and activities of soil urease and phosphatase were greater at FPP than those at PTP and RWP.