沙壤土条件下不同施肥水平对成龄枸杞生长及产量的影响

摘要

Effects of different fertilization levels to growth and yield of mature Lycium barbarum in sandy loam condition were investigated in order to provide a basis for the rational fertilization of mature L. barbarum in northern Xinjiang areas. Through the experiments with different fertilizers and the tests on the leaves the soils of sample trees in sandy loam soil of standard garden in full bearing period, the relations among physiological traits, fertilizer nutrient content, fruit vertical and horizontal diameter and yield in the L. barbarum producing area were studied in order to determine the rational application of fertilizer level and proportion for mature-aged L. barbarum with sandy loam soil in Jinghe county of Xinjiang. The results show that under sandy loam conditions, fertilizing with 140.5 kg/667 m2 treatment, L. barbarum spring and autumn shoot growth, kernel weight, yield and other economic traits were significantly better than those of other fertilizer treatments; With increasing of fertilizer amount, the relationship between L. barbarum production and fertilizing amount agreed with y = -2.834 5x2 + 18.957x + 224.2, R2 = 0.772 2, the L. barbarum yield of the treatment No. 4 was the highest; Under the test conditions, the reasonable amount of fertilizer were: urea 60 kg/667m2, DAP 44.5 kg/667m2, potassium 36 kg/667m2, the corresponding L. barbarum production reached 255.28 kg/667m2; Compared with conventional fertilizer, urea, the ingredients are reasonable, can effectively improve the growth of L.barbarum spring and autumn shoots and raised the yield .%为了研究沙壤土立地条件下不同施肥水平对成龄枸杞生长及产量的影响，为北疆产区成龄枸杞合理施肥提供依据。通过不同施肥量的肥料试验并结合沙壤土盛果期标准园样株土样、叶样测试，研究枸杞叶片营养元素含量、果实纵横径、产量等生理性状与施肥量之间的关系，确定针对于北疆精河县沙壤土成龄枸杞的合理施肥量及其配比。结果表明，沙壤土条件下2107.5 kg/hm2施肥处理的枸杞春稍、秋梢生长量、百粒重、产量等经济性状均明显优于其它施肥处理。随着施肥量的增加，枸杞产量与施肥量关系为 y =-42.517x2+284.35x +3363， R2=0.7722，施肥处理4产量达到最高。在供试条件下，合理的施肥量为尿素900 kg/hm2、磷酸二铵667.5 kg/hm2，硫酸钾540 kg/hm2，枸杞产量可达3823 kg/hm2，与传统施肥相比，尿素、磷酸二铵和硫酸钾肥料配施合理，能有效提高枸杞春、秋梢生长量及产量。