广西及越南农业外来有害生物入侵现状

摘要

【背景】广西地理环境独特，与越南水陆相连，气候、作物等条件相似，边境贸易往来频繁，致使其成为我国遭受外来有害生物入侵最严重的地区之一。【方法】通过本底调查，分析总结了广西农业外来有害生物入侵的现状。【结果】广西主要入侵动物26种，入侵微生物18种，入侵植物21种，高风险入侵物种包括辣椒实蝇、木薯绵粉蚧、扶桑绵粉蚧、稻水象甲、黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒等；来自越南的潜在危险性有害生物共38种。【结论与意义】广西受外来有害生物入侵的风险加剧，并有进一步扩散蔓延的趋势。提出应对入侵生物的综合防控对策，为广西外来入侵有害生物的防控提供参考。%Background] With the unique geographical conditions, and because of the more and more frequent border trade, similar climate and cropping systems in Guangxi and Vietnam, Guangxi Province has become one of the most threatened areas by the inva-sion of alien species in China. [Method] This paper analyzed the current status of the biological invasions in Guangxi via a back-ground survey. [Result] There were 26 species of invasive animals, 18 species of microorganism and 21 species of weeds. Some harmful invasive species of high risk includes the chilifruit fly [ Bactrocera latifrons ( Hendel) ] , the cassava mealybug ( Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero) , the solenopsis mealybug ( Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley) , the rice water weevil ( Lissorhoptrus oryzophi-lus Kuschel) , and the Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus. 38 potentially hazardous pests from Vietnam are listed. [Conclusion and significance] Risk of harmful invasive species to Guangxi aggravated, with further spread tendency. Comprehensive strategy about the invasive alien pest was proposed, which provided some ideas controlling the invasive alien pests in Guangxi Province.