A model organism, Tetrahymena pyriformis, was used as the object in this research to study the toxcity of nanomaterials to cells. The impact of A12O3 nanoparticles to the growth and reproduction, TchE activity, SDH activity, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and multidrug resistance (MDR1) gene expression activity of Tetrahymena pyriformis was studied. The results showed that Al2O3 nanoparticles inhibited the growth and reproduction and the affection tended to be that low concentration of Al2O3 nanoparticles could activate TChE activity, and high concentration inhibited the trend. Meanwhile, Al2O3 nanoparticles inhibited SDH activity. The higher the concentration the more obvious effects, especially in the 500 mg/L concentration inhibited significantly (p<0.01). The impacts of Al2O3 nanoparticles to HSP70 and MDR1 genes of Tetrahymena pyriformis were both significant. It induced MDR1 at low concentrations and inhibited MDR1 from expression at high concentrations. While HSP70 expression induced by high concentrations, inhibited by low concentrations. Through this experiment, it is known that Al2O3 nanoparticles are toxic to Tetrahymena pyriformis.%采用模式生物梨形四膜虫为研究对象,探讨了Al2O3纳米颗粒对生物细胞的毒性.分别研究了纳米Al2O3对梨形四膜虫生长繁殖、乙酰胆碱酯酶(True choline esterase,TChE)活性、琥珀酸脱氢酶(Succinatedehydrogenase,SDH)活性以及对热激蛋白70(HSP70)和多药耐药(MDRI)基因的表达活性的影响.结果表明:A12O3纳米颗粒对梨形四膜虫的生长繁殖具有显著的抑制作用,并延长了传代时间,减少了繁殖代数；Al2O3纳米颗粒对梨形四膜虫TChE的活力表现为中低浓度(10 mg/L与100 mg/L)激活,高浓度(500 mg/L)抑制的趋势,而对SDH的活力具有抑制作用,浓度越高作用越明显,尤其在500 mg/L浓度下抑制作用极显著(p ＜0.01)；Al2O3纳米颗粒对梨形四膜虫HSP70及MDRI基因表达均有显著作用,HSP70表现为低浓度抑制、高浓度诱导,而MDRI表现为低浓度诱导、高浓度抑制.可知,Al2O3纳米颗粒对梨形四膜虫是具有毒性的,但是其机制还需要更进一步的研究探索以及验证.
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