单星对卫星仅测角被动跟踪的三维可观测性研究

摘要

单个卫星观测器对卫星的仅测角被动跟踪技术在空间目标监视中具有重要价值.研究了单个卫星观测器对卫星仅测角被动跟踪中的重要理论问题--系统可观测性问题.在三维情况下基于角度测量信息建立了目标加速度由其位置、速度确定的运动模型,推导了该模型的系统可观测充要条件,最后严格证明了三维情况下单星对卫星的仅测角被动跟踪系统满足上述可观测充要条件.%Single satellite to satellite passive tracking using bearings-only measurements have great significance in Space Surveillance System. This paper addresses the state observability problem, which is an important theory issue for sat-ellite-to-satellite passive tracking. The kinetic models, in which the target accelerations are decided by their position and velocity vectors, are developed from bearings-only measurements in a three-dimensional case. The necessary and sufficient conditions for system observability in the corresponding case are deduced. Finally, the system observability of single satel-lite to satellite passive tracking from bearings-only measurements can be fulfilled is then proven in detail.