风沙半干旱区果粮立体复合模式下玉米田间土壤水分变化特征及产量·效益评价

摘要

[Objective] Corn soil moisture and yield, benefits of different compound modes were studied to establish the most productive modes in sandy and windy semi-drought area. [Method] Four compound cultivation modes in south of Horqin sandy land were chosen, which were A1 apricot // peanut / corn / peanut // apricot, A2 apricot //grain / corn / grain // apricot, A3 apricot //bean / com / bean // apricot, B a-pricot // corn // apricot, to study the variation of corn soil moiture in the four modes and to evaluate the economic benefit in each mode. [Result] The order of average water content (0-60 cm) in com field throughout the growing season under fruit and grain compound cultivation modes was mode A1 > mode A2 > mode A3 > mode B. The order of the yield per unit area of corns under different compound cultivation modes was mode A1 > mode A3 > mode A2 > mode B. Economic benefit analysis showed that mode A1 was higher than the other. [Conclusion] Mode A1 was proved to be the most productive mode in sandy and windy semi-drought area.%[目的]研究不同立体复合模式系统中的玉米田间土壤水分变化特征及产量、效益,构建适合风沙半干旱区的最优模式.[方法]选择科尔沁沙地南缘4神果粮立体复合模式(模式A1:大扁杏//花生/玉米/花生//大扁杏,模式A2:大扁杏//谷子/玉米/谷子//大扁杏,模式A3:大扁杏//大豆/玉米/大.豆//大扁杏,模式B:大扁杏//玉米//大扁杏),运用土钻法对4种果粮立体复合模式玉米地进行水分动态监测,评价不同模式区的经济效益.[结果]在整个生长季果粮立体复合模式区玉米地0 ～60 cm土层平均含水量大小顺序为:模式A1＞模式A2＞模式A3＞模式B.不同立体复合模式玉米单位面积产量大小顺序为:模式A1＞模式A3＞模式A2＞模式B.从不同果粮立体复合模式的经济效益分析,模式A1经济效益较高.[结论]模式A1在风沙半干旱区表现较好.