间种李和柚对脐橙园蜘蛛群落多样性的影响

摘要

[目的]研究不同果树间种后对脐橙园蜘蛛群落组成和多样性的影响.[方法]于2010年12月至2011年12月,对赣州市蟠龙镇不同种植模式(间种李、间种柚和单植)下脐橙园脐橙树冠层和地面层蜘蛛进行系统调查.[结果]与单植脐橙对照相比,间种李树显著增加了脐橙树冠层和地面层蜘蛛的物种丰富度(S)、个体教(N)和绝对丰度((n)),以及树冠层和地面层优势种草间钻头蛛(Hylyphantes graminicola)和树冠层宽管巢蛛(Clubiona deletrix)的个体数.间种柚对脐橙园树冠层和地面层蜘蛛群落组成和多样性无明显影响.3种种植模式下,脐橙园蜘蛛的物种丰富度和个体数均具有明显的季节动态,各群落间的物种组成相似性极高.间种李、间种柚和单植脐橙树冠层的蜘蛛总个体数与其对应的地面层蜘蛛总个体数呈显著正相关.[结论]合理间种有利于保护和利用脐橙园的蜘蛛.%[Objective] The aim was to study the effects of interpellations with other fruits in naval orange orchards on the species composition and diversity of spider communities in navel orange ecosystems. [ Method] Samples were taken from navel orange canopies and grounds in three planting models of navel orange, such as interplantation with Prunus salicina Lindl. , interplantation with Citrus grandis Osbeckin and monoplantation in the Gannan regions between December 2010 and December 2011. [ Result] The species richness (S) , number of individuals (N) and absolute abundance (n) of spiders from the navel orange orchard interplanted with P. salicina were significantly higher than those from the monoplanting navel orange orchard. Moreover, the numbers of individuals of ffylyphantes graminicola, a common spider species, for both canopy and ground samples, and the number of individuals of Clubiona dektrix for canopy samples from the navel orange orchard interplanted with P. salicina were significantly higher than those from the monoplanting navel orange orchard. However, there were not significant influences of interplantation with C. grandis in navel orange orchard on the species composition and diversity of spider communities from both navel orange canopies and grounds. Seasonal dynamics of spider species richness and number of individuals were apparent for the three planting models. Czekanowski similarity indices suggested that these communities were much highly similar to each other. For the mono-or inter-planting navel orange orchard, the total numbers of spiders from navel orange canopies were positively associated with the total numbers of spiders from the grounds. [Conclusion] The reasonable interplanting was beneficial to protect and utilize the spiders of naval orange orchards.