不同养殖区香港牡蛎营养成分的分析与评价

摘要

[目的]科学利用香港牡蛎资源,为合理开发和利用香港牡蛎资源提供理论依据.[方法]研究湛江东海岛、湛江官渡、阳江阳西、广西钦州香港牡蛎的一般营养成分和氨基酸的组成与含量,并对其营养成分进行评价.[结果]4个养殖区中以湛江东海岛香港牡蛎的粗蛋白和粗灰分含量最高,粗脂肪含量以湛江东海岛最低,糖原含量以阳江阳西最高.闭壳肌和内脏团中共检测出16种氨基酸,其中9种为必需氨基酸;氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸总量、呈味氨基酸总量均为湛江东海岛养殖区香港牡蛎最高,其次是湛江官渡、阳江阳西和钦州养殖区.必需氨基酸总量与氨基酸总量之比、必需氨基酸总量与非必需氨基酸总量之比均符合FAO/WHO的理想氨基酸模式.湛江东海岛和湛江官渡养殖区香港牡蛎的氨基酸评分显著高于其他2个养殖区.[结论]湛江东海岛养殖区的香港牡蛎具有高蛋白、高矿质、低脂肪和味道鲜美等特点.%[Objective] To take advantages of Crassostrea hongkongensis resources and provide theoretical basis for developing and utlizing C.hongkongensis resources.[Method] The nutritive components,amino acid composition and content of C.hongkongensis from Qinzhou of Guangxi,Donghai Island of Zhanjiang,Guandu of Zhanjiang,Yangxi of Yangjiang were analyzed and evaluated.[Result] The contents of crude protein and crude ash of C.hongkongensis from Donghai Island of Zhanjiang were higher than those from other cultural areas,and the content of crude fat in this area was the lowest.The maximal content of glycogen was determined in the samples from Yangxi.Sixteen kinds of amino acids were detected in adductor and visceral mass of each sample,among which there were nine kinds of essential amino acids.The content of total amino acids,total essential amino acids,total flavor amino acids of C.hongkongensis from Donghai Island of Zhanjiang were the highest,followed by Guandu of Zhanjiang,Yangxi and Qinzhou.The ratios of total essential amino acids to total amino acids and total essential amino acids to total non-essential amino acids met the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) standards.The amino acids score of C.hongkongensis from Donghai Island of Zhanjiang and Guandu of Zhanjiang were significantly higher than that from other cultural areas.[Conclusion] C.hongkongensis from Donghai Island of Zhanjiang had the characteristics of high protein,high mineral quality,low fat and delicious flavor.