论美国联邦反不正当竞争诉权的司法裁判标准

摘要

The cause of action against unfair competition under the Lanham Act extends only to plaintiffs whose interests fall within the zone of interests protected by the Act and whose injury was proximately caused by a violation of the Act. Direct application of the zone-of-interests test and the proximate-cause requirement supplies the relevant limits on who may sue under the Lanham Act.%对于《兰哈姆法》规定的反不正当竞争诉权，法院要判断原告的利益是否属于该法所保护的利益范围，同时也要判断原告的损害是否由被告违反该法的行为直接造成。法院适用“利益范围”标准和“近因”要件就能够确定哪些人享有反不正当竞争诉权。