煤矿无线多媒体传感器网络能量均衡路由方法

摘要

针对煤矿井下多媒体信息采集需求及巷道带状空间与传感器网络中节点能量受限的特点,构建了煤矿无线多媒体传感器网络(WMSN)系统模型,提出了一种由基于位置与剩余能量的虚拟网格中层次分簇(PREHCVG)算法及基于能量与距离的蚁群路由(EDACR)算法构成的煤矿WMSN能量均衡路由方法.该方法中,PREHCVG算法根据网络中节点的通信半径对节点进行虚拟网格划分来实现分簇管理,并结合节点的剩余能量及所处位置信息选取簇头节点;EDACR算法根据节点的剩余能量及节点间距离信息,从簇头节点及备选簇头节点中选出路由节点.仿真结果表明,与经典LEACH算法相比,煤矿WMSN能量均衡路由方法能够有效均衡WMSN中节点的能量消耗,减少WMSN中能量耗尽的节点数,延长WMSN生命周期.%According to multimedia information collection requirements and characteristics of confined band space in coal mine tunnel and limited energy of sensor nodes,a wireless multimedia sensor network (WMSN) system model of coal mine was built,and an energy balancing routing method for coal mine WMSN was proposed,which included a position and residual energy based hierarchy clustering in virtual grids (PREHCVG) algorithm and an energy and distance based ant colony routing (EDACR) algorithm.In the method,PREHCVG algorithm divides nodes into different virtual grid for cluster management based on communication radius of the nodes in the network,and selects cluster head nodes according to residual energy and location information of the nodes.EDACR algorithm selects routing nodes from cluster head nodes and alternative cluster head nodes according to residual energy and distance information of the nodes.The simulation results show that the energy balancing routing method for coal mine WMSN can effectively balance energy consumption of WMSN nodes,reduce the number of energy-exhausted nodes and prolong life cycle of WMSN compared to traditional LEACH algorithm.