煤炭智能化开采关键技术创新进展与展望

摘要

Innovation and practice were summarized overall about intelligent fully mechanized coal mining in thin coal seam and thinner coal seam,intelligent fully mechanized coal mining of large mining height and super large mining height in thick coal seam,and intelligentization technology of fullymechanized top coal mining in super thick coal seam,and shortcomings of the above technologies were analyzed.Five key technologies were proposed for fully mechanized coal mining equipments to adapt to surrounding rock movement and dynamic environment variety,which were intelligent height adjustment control of shearer,intelligent coupling self-adaptive control of hydraulic support units and surrounding rock,intelligent alignment control of working face,cooperative control based on multi-information fusion and intelligent control of advance support and assistant operation.The key technologies lay technical base for intelligent mining progressing to senior stage of self-learning,self-decision-making and self-adjustment from current initial stag.Technical development directions and targets of coal industry in the short term,medium term and long term were proposed,namely intelligent mining,limited unmanned mining and fluidized mining,and development route,key technologies and development direction were also prospected.%全面总结了薄煤层和较薄煤层智能化开采、厚煤层大采高和超大采高智能化开采、特厚煤层综放开采智能化技术的创新与实践,分析了存在的不足;提出了综采装备适应围岩活动及环境动态变化所需攻克的采煤机智能调高控制、液压支架群组与围岩的智能耦合自适应控制、工作面直线度智能控制、基于系统多信息融合的协同控制、超前支护及辅助作业的智能化控制5项关键技术,为将智能开采由目前的初级阶段升级为自学习、自决策、自修正的高级阶段奠定技术基础;对煤炭行业近期、中期和远期提出了智能化、有限无人化和流态化的技术发展方向和目标,展望了可能的发展路径及需要突破的关键技术和发展方向.