基于单片机的电机调压调速电控系统设计

摘要

针对三相异步电动机的交流调压调速技术问题,介绍了晶闸管调压调速原理及其控制系统的工作原理.通过控制三相异步电动机定子绕组上的晶闸管导通角,调节电机的供电电压以实现调压调速.该系统主要由单片机AT89S52控制,外围电路由ADC0808、CD4046、555、LED数码管等组成.调压调速与变频调速相比较,其电路简单,成本低廉,操作维护方便.能够满足大部分电机调速要求,具有一定的推广应用价值.%This paper introduces the principle of thyristor surge governor and control system works and focuses on the three - phase induction motor AC variable voltage control technology. Adjust the supply voltage of the motor in order to achieve the variable voltage control by controlling the thyristor conduction angle on the three - phase asynchronous motor stator winding. The system is mainly controlled by the microcontroller AT89S52, and the peripheral circuits are made up of ADC0808, CD4046, 555, LED digital tube, ect. Variable voltage control has advantages than frequency control as follows, that is circuit simplicity, low cost, easy operation and maintenance. It can meet most of the motor speed requirements, and have a greater application value.