考虑次品率的零售商库存联盟订货量与稳定性分析

摘要

The stability of retailers' coalition with deterministic demands and existence of product defects is dealt with.A mathematical model of multi-retailer ordering from a uniform supplier via forming coalition is established to obtain optimal order quantity of retailers' coalition.It is shown that operational cost can be reduced due to the subadditivity of the coalition.Subsequently,proportion sharing rules are proposed to share inventory costs among retailers.By these rules,the grand coalition is a stable structure.Numerical example is presented to illustrate the rationality of the proportion sharing rules.Results are useful for retailers to decide how to form coalition with others and what operational strategies should be adopted.%通过建立含有次品率的确定性需求EOQ库存控制模型,探讨了在多个零售商结成联盟从同一供应商处联合订货且产品进行统一检测的情形下,零售商联盟的订货策略和联盟稳定性.得到了联盟的最优订货策略,并且由联盟的次可加性得出了结成联盟可以降低运作成本的结论.根据合作博弈中核与总体单调分配机制的概念提出了按比例对零售商合作联盟成本进行分摊的规则,并证明了在此规则下,大联盟是零售商联盟的稳定结构.通过数值例子对成本分摊规则的合理性进行了说明.研究结果为现实中零售商如何进行库存联盟和联盟之后如何制定运作策略提供了一定的参考.