三级竞争供应链的渠道选择研究

摘要

The Nash equilibrium structure of three-level competitive supply chains is addressed under the background of inter-chain competition .The problem is modeled by nonlinear programming , Nash game theory , and Stackelberg game theory , respectively .Based on these models , optimal solutions are obtained under three scenarios:fully distributed structure , fully integrated structure , and hybrid structure in which one supply chain is integrated and the other is distributed .Then, channel selection for two three-level competitive supply chains is analyzed .In this way, the Nash equilibrium structure is obtained based on three different decision criteria: the profit maximization of manufacturer , profit maximization of channel , and profit maximization of supply chain system .Results show that the Nash equilibrium structure of three-level competitive supply chains depends on the coefficient of product substitution and the decision criteria . However , when the competition intensity between supply chains is strong , no matter what decision criteria is applied , the fully distributed structure is the Nash equilibrium structure of a supply chain .%在供应链链间竞争的背景下，研究三级竞争供应链的纳什均衡结构。利用非线性规划、纳什博弈和Stackel-berg博弈理论，分析了2条三级竞争供应链的渠道选择问题，求解了3种情景：全分布式结构；全一体化结构和混合结构（一条供应链为一体化，另一条为分布式）下的决策变量的最优解，并分别依据3种决策标准，即制造商利润最大化、渠道利润最大化和供应链系统利润最大化，分析了不同决策标准下供应链纳什均衡结构。研究表明，三级竞争供应链的纳什均衡结构，依赖于产品之间的替代系数及决策标准，并且当供应链链间的竞争强度较大时，无论何种决策准则下，全分布式结构均为供应链的纳什均衡结构。