基于SRTM-DEM的河南省地貌特征分析与类型划分

摘要

基于美国SRTM-DEM数据,在GIS平台下,通过对SRTM-DEM数据的前处理,制作了河南省数字高程模型(90 m×90 m).基于数字高程模型,提取了河南省地貌的坡度、坡向、地形起伏度等特征要素信息,并对河南省地貌形态进行统计分析以获取定量的认识.基于最新的中国基本地貌类型划分标准,将河南省按地貌划分为低海拔平原、低海拔台地、低海拔丘陵、小起伏低山、中起伏低山、小起伏中山、中起伏中山、大起伏中山、中起伏中高山、大起伏中高山10类.最后,基于河南省18个市级行政区进行不同地貌类型的面积统计.%First of all, the SRTM-DEM data was preprocessed based on GIS platform for creating digital elevation model in 90 m spatial resolution. Then several landform elements such as slope, aspect, and hypsography were extracted base on DEM,and the landform elements were analyses quantitatively by statistics method. Based on the basic landform classification in China, the geomorphological types in Henan province were classified into ten types, which are low altitude plain, low altitude platform,low altitude hill, low altitude and low relief mountain, low altitude and intermediate relief mountain, intermediate altitude and low relief mountain, intermediate altitude and intermediate relief mountain, intermediate altitude and high relief mountain,sub-high altitude and intermediate relief mountain, sub-high altitude and high relief mountain. Landform area of all 18 cities in Henan province was statistic finally.