有机氯农药是高残留农药,虽经早已禁止使用,且经过近三十年的自然降解,但土壤环境中的残留量仍相当可观,且通过食物链富集仍可对人体健康产生威胁.土壤,作为人类赖以生存的物质基础,也成为农药对人类产生间接毒害的介质,土壤环境多介质、多界面、多组分和复杂多变的特点使农药土壤污染具有隐蔽性、滞后性、不可逆转性、治理难而周期长等特点.本文主要介绍了有机氯农药的特性及其在土壤中的行为过程,介绍了运用植物修复技术治理污染土壤的机理、影响因素和研究方向.植物修复是指利用植物在生长过程中,吸收、降解、钝化有机污染物的一种原位处理污染土壤的方法,具有应用成本低、生态风险小、对环境副作用小等特点.%Organochlorine pesticides are highly residual. Although it has been banned very early and degraded spontaneously for nearly 30 years, the residual amount in soil environment is still considerable, and it can still be a threat to human health through the food chain enrichment. As the material basis for human existence, soil has also become an indirect toxic medium for pesticides, and the soil environment which is characterized by some special characteristics, including multi-medium, multi-layer, multi-component and other complex characteristics brings out the especial properties of pesticides soil pollution, being characterized by concealment, hysteresis, irreversibility, difficult treatment and long period. This paper mainly illustrates the characteristics of organochlorine pesticides and their behavior in soil, and demonstrates the mechanism, influencing factors and research direction of using phytoremediation technology to control polluted soil. Phytoremediation is a method of treating polluted soil in situ by the process of absorbing, degrading and passivation organic pollutants with plants, which is characterized by low cost of application, less ecological risk and light environmental side effects, etc.
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