植物对金的萃取机理研究进展

摘要

特定的植物群落可以从含金属的土壤中萃取金属。植物萃取能开采无法用传统采矿方法开采的低品位矿石、矿化土壤和尾矿，还可以指示土壤基质中的金属含量，开拓新的采矿区域。植物萃取金属达到一定含量能产生“生物矿石”，生物矿石几乎不含硫且金属含量高于传统矿石，因此利用植物萃取积累金属是一种经济环保的采矿方式。国外对金的植物采矿技术研究已趋于成熟，国内相关的研究较少。本文综述了植物对金的萃取、积累机理研究进展，讨论了植物萃取金的应用和经济前景。%Distinctive plant communities can extract metals from metal-rich soils.This method can economically mine metals from low-grade ores,mineralized soils and mining tailings that are too poor for conventional mining of metals,besides,new prospecting areas can be indicated.Phytoextraction can generate bio-ores which are virtually sulphur free and have greater metal content than conventional ores.It is a green and economical metallurgy way.The study of gold phytoextraction technology has been mature in aborad,but little related research in China.This paper reviews the study of gold accumulation in plants and introduces mechanism of gold uptake by plants.Economic assessment and future scopes of gold phytoextraction are discussed.