基于实际冲击能量指数（W）的岩爆预测技术研究

摘要

岩爆是深井矿山开采过程中常见的一种地质灾害。岩爆的发生不仅威胁到井下人员、设备和材料的安全，还会破坏地下采场结构。为了预防岩爆的危害，可从岩爆的倾向性、发生强度及位置进行研究。在分析岩石冲击能量指数（WCF）和弹性变形能指数（WET）的基础上，发现 WCF 存在夸大实际岩体中存储的弹性变形能的问题，因此提出实际冲击能量指数（W）。构建以实际冲击能量指数（W）为主，弹性变形能指数（WET）和岩石脆性指数（K）为辅的爆脱型岩爆预测新技术，将其运用于冬瓜山铜矿的矿井岩爆预测，所得预测结果证明实际冲击能量指数（W）比岩石冲击能量指数（WCF）能更好地预测矿山的岩爆问题，预测效果更加真实、可靠，表明构建的岩爆预测新技术有效。%Rock burst is a kind of common geological disasters in deep mine in the process of mining,which is not only threatens the safety of underground personnel,equipment,materials,but also can lead to the destruction of underground stope structure.The rock burst hazard can be prevented by researching and analyzing the tendency, intensity and location of the rock burst.Based on the analysis of the impact energy index of rock WCF and the elastic deformation energy index of rock WET,we found the question that WCF exaggerated the quantity of actually stored in the elastic deformation energy of rock.So the paper put forward the actual impact energy index W,and build up a new rock burst prediction technology rely on the actual impact energy index W-based,the elastic deformation energy index WET and rock brittleness index K supplemented.The prediction technology is applied to forecast the rock burst in Dongguashan copper mine,and the results show that using the W is better than WCF in forecast rock burst problem,in addition,the prediction results were more realistic and reliable.It means that the new rock burst prediction technology is effective.