土壤对石油类污染物的自净作用——以中原油田三厂采油区为例

摘要

To study the ability of soil self-purification for petroleum contaminants, the authors choose the typical soils polluted by petroleum contaminants in the third factory of Zhongyuan oilfield to analyze and contrast the absorption and degradation ability between silty soil and silty clay through two self-purification and leaching experiments. The resluts show that the silty soil has a better self-purification ability than silty clay in dealing with petroleum contaminants. At the same time, it is illuminated that the degradation process of petroleum contaminants in soils includes adsorption and evaporation, leaching and microbiological degradation, which is the final destination of petroleum contaminants.%为探究土壤对石油类污染物的自净作用,选取典型受石油污染的中原油田三厂采油区的土壤为研究对象,通过两组自净试验和淋洗试验,详细分析对比了研究区内典型的粉土和粉质黏土的吸附降解能力,结果表明粉土比粉质黏土对石油类污染物有更好的自净能力.同时阐明了石油类污染物在土壤中的降解过程主要为吸附挥发、淋溶及微生物降解,其中微生物降解是石油类污染物的最终归宿.