降低铸造残余应力工艺的探索

摘要

The life of casting is shortened by foundry residual stress. To find a method which can reduce the residual stress effectively, the effects of vibration stress relief and annealing on the residual stress and dimension stability of cylinder head and cylinder block were tested and compared, then the way of eliminating the residual stress through optimizing the annealing was researched. As the result, vibration stress relief is effective to simple castings, but it is better to adopt annealing for baroque castings, such as cylinder head.%铸造残余应力的存在使铸件在使用过程中寿命缩短。为找到一种有效的工艺方法降低铸件的残余应力，试验验证了振动时效和退火工艺对气缸体、气缸盖残余应力和尺寸稳定性的影响，通过优化退火工艺进一步探索能有效消除气缸盖铸造残余应力的工艺方法。结果表明，振动时效工艺适合气缸体等简单铸件的处理，对于气缸盖等复杂结构铸件则建议采用退火工艺。