[Objective] To provide a decision basis for potato as staple food strategy in Xinjiang,by investigation and analysis on dietary patterns of different main ethnic groups in major potato production area of northern and southern Xinjiang.[Method] By training bilingual agricultural technical personnel on diet and potato consumption information,using questionnaires and interviews,220 people aged 20 ～ 60 years old were surveyed and 192 valid questionnaires were obtained.According to the consumption of three meals a day staple food,summed up the staple food consumption of the three meals,wheat flour,rice and corn per capita consumption frequency and potato consumption.[Result] There was not much difference in frequency of per capita use of cereals (wheat flour and riee) between the rural residents in northern and southern Xinjiang,but the consumption of wheat flour was 1.6 times higher than that of rice.Potatoes were widely used as staple food and vegetable in the main production areas of northern Xinjiang,but the proportion of edible was relatively small and mostly as vegetables in the southern Xinjiang.[Conclusion] The rural residents of Southern and northern Xinjiang take wheat flour as staple food,which is beneficial to the promotion of potato as staple food in Xinjiang.%目的:旨在通过对新疆南北疆不同马铃薯主产区域、不同民族主食消费情况进行调研分析,了解新疆农村居民主食消费现状及马铃薯消费习惯,从而为国家马铃薯主食化战略在新疆地区整体推进提供决策依据.方法:采用入户访谈、集中调研等面对面询问的方式调查了南疆泽普县、疏勒县,北疆吉木萨尔县、奇台县农村居民220户.调查内容包括农户家庭近一年的早中晚一日三餐的主、辅食食用情况以及马铃薯的食用方式.获得有效调查问卷共192份.采用统计分析的方式,归纳总结了三餐主食食用率,小麦面粉、大米及玉米的人均食用频次以及马铃薯的食用方式.结果:新疆南北疆农村居民对于谷物(小麦面粉和大米)的人均食用频次差异不大,但对小麦面粉与大米的消耗量差异较大,小麦面粉是大米的1.6倍.马铃薯在新疆已基本达到全民消费,但在南疆地区消费量不高,且食用方式单一,仅作为菜用食用.北疆地区食用广泛,既可以做粮,也可以做菜.结论:新疆南北疆农村居民的主食消费以小麦面粉为主,对马铃薯主食化发展而言可替代性强,马铃薯主食化在新疆具有推广前景.
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