豆油替代鱼油对中华条颈龟血脂代谢及相关酶活的影响

摘要

为缓解国际鱼油资源短缺，本研究从血脂代谢角度去评价豆油替代鱼油在中华条颈龟中的适宜比例。选取体质量（1557±307） g的4龄雌性成体中华条颈龟，根据日粮中豆油与鱼油的添加比例不同随机分成四组，0S∶3F组（豆油∶鱼油0∶3），1S∶2F组（豆油∶鱼油1∶2），2S∶1F组（豆油∶鱼油2∶1）和3S∶0F组（豆油∶鱼油3∶0）；外源油的添加量占日粮1％。每周投喂2次，连续投喂8个月。从每组中随机取6只中华条颈龟，冷冻麻醉处死，解剖。检测血液中甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量，肝脏组织中脂蛋白脂酶、肝脂酶和激素敏感性脂肪酶活性以及肠道胰脂肪酶活性，结果如下：（1）随着豆油替代比例的升高，只有1S∶2F组和3S∶0F组总胆固醇显著高于0S∶3F组，并且3S∶0F组低密度脂蛋白含量显著高于0S∶3F（P＜0．05）。（2）总脂酶活力在2S∶1F组达到最高，显著高于0S∶3F组（P＜0．05）；2S∶1F组的激素敏感性脂肪酶活力与其余组相比，更接近于0S∶3F；胰脂肪酶的活力在2S∶1F与0S∶3F之间差异不显著，但均显著低于其余两组。综合上述两方面指标来看，豆油替代鱼油在中华条颈龟中总体可行，较适宜的比例组为2S∶1F。%In order to study the effects of partial replacement of fish oil by soybean oil on serum lipid metabolism and the activity of correlated lipases . Four‐year old female Chinese striped‐necked turtle Mauremys sinensis [body weight(1557 ± 307) g] were randomly divided into four groups according to and fed the diets containing various proportions of fish oil (F) and soybean oil (S) including 0S∶3F (S∶F , 0∶3) ,1S∶2F (S∶F ,1∶2) ,2S∶1F(S∶ F ,2∶1) and 3S∶0F (S∶ F ,3∶0) for eight months .Six turtles were randomly selected from each group and determined for the content of triglycerides (TG) ,total cholesterol (TC) ,high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) in blood collected from the heart and the activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL ) ,hepatic lipase (HL) and hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) in liver ,and pancreatic lipase (PL) in intestine .The results showed that the content of TC was significantly higher in 1S∶2F and 3S∶0F than that in 0S∶3F (P<0.05);the content of LDL‐C was significantly higher in 3S ∶ 0F than in 0S ∶ 3F ( P < 0 .05 ) , no significant differences in the other groups . The maximal activity of the total lipase (LPL + HL ) was observed in 2S∶1F ,significantly higher than that in the 0S∶3F group(P < 0 .05) and almost the same in HSL in 2S ∶ 1F to 0S ∶ 3F compared to the rest groups of HSL . There was no was not significant differentce in PL in the group of 2S∶1F from that in 0S∶3F ,but both being lower than that in the other groups .In totally of enzyme activity ,the group of 2S∶1F was also the suitable group .Above all ,the substitution of fish oil by soybean oil in the turtle could be worked ,with the suitable ratio of 2S∶1F .