贾弟虫（Giardia）是一种世界性分布的体内寄生原生动物，可感染家畜、野生动物和人类。该虫可通过饮用水源等水体传播，其所导致的贾弟虫病（giardiasis）是最频发的水源性疾病之一，典型症状是腹泻、腹痛、反胃、呕吐、胃胀和发烧。本文综述了贾弟虫的分类、流行病学和检测方法等，目的是提出疾病预警系统，建立快速响应机制，以防止饮用水中贾弟虫病爆发。%Giardia is a cosmopolitan enteric protozoan with a very wide host range, including domestic and wild animal species as well as human beings. The parasite transmitted by the water route including drinking water sources and has become the most frequently identified cause of waterborne disease. The most prominent symptoms of giardiasis are diarrhoea, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, flatulence and fever. Taxonomy, epidemiology, detection methods of Giardia are presented in this paper. The objectives are to provide early warning system to permit the possibility for fast response in a risky situation in order to prevent outbreaks of giardiasis through human drinking water.
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