汕头港环境承载力及可持续发展研究

摘要

The analysis on environmental carrying capacity(ECC)of bay aims at the balance between the environmental system and mitigating the stress of the human activities.This paper defines ECC and establishes the evaluating index system which includes 28 indexes with the environmental characteristics of the Shantou Port.The entropy weight method was adopted to evaluate ECC of Shantou Port and space state method was used to evaluate the objective weight of the indexes from 2005 to 2009.Analysis on assessment results show that the ECC of Shantou Port and the social and economic carrying sub-capacity in the past 5 years has both changed from "feeble" into "suitable".The ecological environmental carrying sub-capacity in 2005 was "suitable" and the others were "feeble".Shantou Port has good potential for development.Based on the assessment results of ECC,some suggestions to improve sustainable development of Shantou Port was provided.%研究海湾环境承载力旨在协调海湾区域内环境系统之间的矛盾,缓解社会经济发展对海湾河口水域环境的压力。本研究从探讨海湾环境承载力定义出发,结合海湾环境的特点,选取28项指标,构建汕头港生态环境承载力的评价指标体系。以2005年-2009年数据为例,以熵权法计算各评价指标的客观权重,并应用空间状态法对这5年环境的承载力水平做出评价。分析评价结果可知：汕头港近5年环境承载力水平及其经济子承载力水平从弱载转变为适载,生态环境子承载力仅有2005年为适载,其他四年均处于弱载水平,汕头港区发展潜力大。并在此基础上,针对汕头港的可持续发展提出建议。