中国排污许可证制度执行现状调查

摘要

Five cities of Guangzhou, Shijiazhuang, Lanzhou, Harbin and Datong were taken as example to investigate the implementation of pollutant discharge permit. The laws and regulations of pollutant discharge permit during past 20 years were collected. Related personnel of both environmental protection administrations and enterprises were invited and interviewed. Though the discharge permit system promoted both the enterprises' consciousness of environment protection and emission reduction, there are still several issues to be considered, such as legislation deficiency, lack of administration resources, ambiguous pollutants calculation method, weak punishment and insufficient public participation. Base on the investigation, several suggestions were put forward to provide scientific and technical support for decision - making departments to make corresponding policy.%本研究以广州、石家庄、兰州、哈尔滨和大同5个城市为调研对象,收集各城市20年来许可证相关的法规制度,并与各城市环境保护监管部门负责人及典型企业环保专职人员进行了访谈。研究表明,中国排污许可证制度在提高企业环保守法意识和推动总量减排上起到了明显作用,但也面临着法律体系不完善,行政资源不足、排放量核算方法不明确、处罚力度弱以及公众参与不充分等问题。在此基础上,本研究提出中国排污许可证制度的改进建议,为决策部门制定相应的政策提供科学和技术的支撑。