寒冷地区化粪池的效果评价和探讨

摘要

寒冷地区化粪池具有水温低，处理效果差的特点，针对哈尔滨市幸福家园化粪池的水质情况进行了研究，为化粪池的改造和优化提供依据，并对化粪池问题和技术进行探讨。在化粪池前后的检查井处进行取样，每隔1个小时取一个样，总共取24小时，然后对CODtot、CODss、CODcol、CODdis、NH3-N、总氮、总磷、SS、VSS、pH、水温进行测定。水温在14～17度下，平均去除率分别是16．9％、47．2％、26．4％、-49．1％、-39．3％、7．5％、12．4％、59．3％和59．5％，可见，污水的可生化性有明显提高，但是对污染物的去除作用不大。研究结果对于全面评价寒冷地区化粪池的功能特征，进而为化粪池的取舍和改造提供技术的参考依据。%The performance of septic tank in the cold areas is poor. This paper investigated the water quality of septic tank in Xinfu Home district of Harbin so as to provide technical support and theoretical basis for modification of septic tanks. Samples were selected before and after the septic tank for every one hour within 24 hours. The removal effieieneies of CODtot, CODss, CODeol, CODdis, NH3 - N, TN, TP, SS, VSS were 16.9% , 47.2% , 26.4% , -49. 1% , -39.3% , 7.5% , 12.4% , 59.3% and 59.5% , respectively. The biochemical characteristics of sewage have been improved, but the removal of pollutants in the sewage is limited.