末次冰期以来北太平洋中层水演化:研究进展与展望

摘要

North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW),one of the key components of global meridional overturning circulation,plays an important role in regulating regional oceanic environment and global climate change.In this study,we review the state-of-the-art of NPIW evolution and its effect on climate change.We suggest that the NPIW is very sensitive to the response of global climate change.Moreover,climatic signal in high-latitude can be propagated to the low-latitude in the North Pacific through NPIW via the "oceanic tunnel".On the other hand,East Asian Summer Monsoon can also exert influence on the formation and composition of NPIW through affecting the precipitation in the drainage basin and subsequent runoff of the Amur River to the Okhotsk Sea.On millennial time scales,the ventilation seesaw occurs between the NPIW and the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC),which is associated with the variations,induced by AMOC,in sea surface temperature and salinity.Both physical and biological processes related to the changes in the NPIW could have contributed to the fluctuations of atmospheric concentrations of CO2 over glacial cycles.%北太平洋中层水(NPIW)作为全球海洋经向翻转环流的一个重要组成部分,在区域海洋环境和全球气候变化中扮演着重要角色.本研究对NPIW演化及其对气候变化的影响最新进展进行了评述.认为NPIW形成及通风演化对全球气候变化响应十分敏感.而且高纬气候信号通过这一“海洋通道”传递到北太平洋低纬海域.另一方面,东亚夏季风通过影响黑龙江进入鄂霍次克海的径流量,从而对NPIW的形成和水团组成产生影响.在千年尺度,NPIW通风过程与大西洋经向翻转流(AMOC)呈反相位变化,这与AMOC千年尺度震荡所引发的北太洋海表温、盐变化相关.与NPIW相关的物理过程和生物过程可能是触发冰期大气CO2浓度变化的一个重要机制.