Department of Mechanical Engineering;
Tokyo University of Science;
Noda;
2788510;
Japan;
School of Aeronautics;
Northwestern Polytechnical University;
Xi''an;
710072;
P. R. China School of Aeronautics;
Northwestern Polytechnical University;
Xi''an;
710072;
P. R. China School of Aeronautics and Astronauts;
Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronauts;
Naniing;
210016;
P.R.China;
in-plane; constraint; out-of-plane; constraint; three-parameter; formulation; crack; tip; field; elastic-plastic;