不同类型前置胎盘与妊娠结局的相关性研究

摘要

Objective To investigate the correlation of placenta previa ( PP) and pregnancy outcomes. Methods A retrospective analysis of medical records was performed on 136 cases of PP admitted to our hospital during January 2010 and January 2015. The patients were divided into completely group (21 cases), partial group (53 cases), marginal group (32 ca-ses) and low-lying group (30 cases). The clinical characteristics, maternal outcome of pregnancy and perinatal child outcome of the four groups were observed and compared. Results The differences of antepartum hemorrhage, tocolytic therapy, post-partum blood transfusion and premature baby rate of different placenta previa groups were statistically significant (P<0. 05). The antepartum hemorrhage, tocolytic therapy, postpartum blood transfusion and premature baby rate of complete group were significantly higher than that of the partial, marginal and low-lying groups (P<0. 05). The antepartum hemorrhage, tocolytic therapy, postpartum blood transfusion and premature baby rate of partial group were higher than that of the low-lying group, while the antepartum hemorrhage rate was lower than that of marginal group, and the tocolytic therapy, postpartum blood trans-fusion and premature baby rate were higher than that of the low-lying group. All these differences were statistically significant (P<0. 05). The antepartum hemorrhage, tocolytic therapy and postpartum blood transfusion rate of marginal group were high-er than that of the low-lying group and the differences were statistically significant (P<0. 05). Conclusion Different types of PP have significant effects on pregnancy outcomes. In addition, women with complete PP are likely to have antepartum bleeding at an earlier time, a higher rate of requirement of tocolytic therapy, postpartum blood transfusion and deliver prema-ture baby, which are all high risk factors for both the mother and the child.%目的：探讨不同类型前置胎盘对妊娠结局影响。方法对我院2010年1月—2015年1月收治的136例前置胎盘临床资料进行回顾分析，根据前置胎盘类型分为完全性前置胎盘组(21例)、部分性前置胎盘组(53例)、边缘性前置胎盘组(32例)及低置前置胎盘组(30例)4组。观察比较各组妊娠情况、妊娠结局及围产儿情况。结果4组产前出血率、抑制宫缩治疗率、产后输血率及早产儿发生率比较差异均有统计学意义( P<0．05)。完全性前置胎盘组产前出血率、抑制宫缩治疗率、产后输血率及早产儿发生率明显高于部分性前置胎盘组、边缘性前置胎盘组及低置前置胎盘组，差异均有统计学意义(P<0．05)；部分性前置胎盘组产前出血率、抑制宫缩治疗率、产后输血率及早产儿发生率高于低置前置胎盘组，产前出血率低于边缘性前置胎盘组，抑制宫缩治疗率、产后输血率及早产儿发生率高于边缘性前置胎盘组，差异均有统计学意义(P<0．05)；边缘性前置胎盘组产前出血率、抑制宫缩治疗率及产后输血率均高于低置前置胎盘组，差异均有统计学意义(P<0．05)。结论不同类型前置胎盘对妊娠结局有明显影响，其中完全性前置胎盘产前出血率、抑制宫缩治疗率、产后输血率及早产儿发生率均较高，属于危害母婴安全高危因素。