山东省机构养老老年人心理健康状况及影响因素研究∗

摘要

Objective:To study the mental health of old people who live in endowment institutions in Shandong Province and its influencing factors. Methods: A sample of 2200 old people over 60 years old was selected with the stratified random sampling method. They were investigated using the self-designed questionnaires, symptom checklist (SCL-90), and Social Support Rating Scale. A total of 2013 questionnaires were recovered effectively (91. 5%), and 271 questionnaires were analyzed in this study. Results:41. 7% of old people in endowment insti-tutions in Shandong Province is positive in SCL -90 . Multivariate analysis showed that self -care ability ( P =0 . 045 ) and type of chronic disease ( P=0 . 025 ) associated with mental health problems of old people in Shandong Province. Conclusion:The mental health status of old people in endowment institutions in Shandong Province was not optimistic and its influencing factors included self-care ability and the type of chronic disease. It should take measures to promote successful aging in Shandong Province.%目的：研究山东省机构养老老年人的心理健康状况及其影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法，利用自制问卷和症状自评量表( SCL-90)、社会支持评定量表对2200名60岁以上老人进行问卷调查，调查共发放问卷2200分，回收有效问卷2013份，有效回收率为91.5%，本研究选取其中271名机构养老老年人进行分析。结果有41.7%的机构养老老年人SCL-90得分为阳性，多元分析结果显示生活自理能力( P=0.045)和慢性病种类(P=0.025)对山东省老年人群心理健康问题的影响有统计学意义。结论山东省机构养老老年人群心理健康状况不容乐观，影响因素包括生活自理能力和慢性病种类，应采取积极措施促进我省农村健康老龄化。