目的：了解医护人员和患者对医患纠纷及医师职业精神认知差异及其影响因素，为医患纠纷的防范与处理提供实证和决策依据。方法自行设计调查问卷，在执行质量控制的情况下，开展医护人员和患者对医患纠纷及医师职业精神认知调查，采用分层整群抽样方法匿名调查医护人员847人，患者577人。应用SPSS16.0软件处理数据并对相关因素进行统计分析，两样本率的比较采用χ2检验(α=0.05)。结果两人群在医患关系评价、纠纷预防、纠纷责任、公正处理、对医患双方影响，医闹产生原因、对医闹态度、医闹消除，医师职业精神现况评价、改善途径、医师职业价值等方面的认知差异有统计学意义，且对医师职业精神建设产生直接影响。结论医方应强化医师职业精神建设，建立有效机制，预防医患纠纷；患者应理解、信任和尊重医生，理性解决医患争议；政府应构建合理的医患纠纷处置机制，营造理性的医患纠纷应对氛围，减少医患纠纷的发生。%Objective:To understand the cognitive differences and its influential factors of medical dispute and physician′s professionalism between medical personnel and patients, and further to provide evidence for the preven-tion and treatment of medical dispute. Methods:In the case of quality control, we surveyed on the cognitive of medical dispute and physician′s professionalism in medical personnel and patients using self-designed question-naire. Stratified cluster sampling method was used in this study, which recruited 847 medical workers and 577 pa-tients. Data analysis was conducted with SPSS 16. 0. The two sample rates were compared using Chi squaretest (α=0. 05). Results:There is a statistically significance in doctor-patient relationship evaluation, dispute pre-vention, dispute responsibility, fair treatment,impact on the doctors and patients, causes of medical disturbance, attitude tomedical disturbance, medical disturbance elimination, physician′s professionalism evaluation, improve-ment approach, and the physician′s professional value between the two samples, having a direct impact on the con-struction of physician′s professionalism. Conclusion:For medical personnel, they should strengthen the construc-tion of physician′s professionalism and establish effective mechanism to prevent medical dispute. For patienes, they should understand, trust and respect the doctors, and solve medical dispute rationally. For government, they should establish a reasonable mechanism for the settlement of medical dispute, create a rational atmosphere respon-ding to the medical dispute, and reduce the intensification of medical dispute.
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