Profilin在弓形虫侵入宿主细胞及诱导免疫应答中作用的研究进展

摘要

刚地弓形虫(Toxoplasma gondii)是一种呈世界性分布的专性细胞内寄生原虫,可寄生在除红细胞外的所有有核细胞中,引起人兽共患病.弓形虫主要通过粪口途径传播,以受损皮肤、黏膜及垂直传播为次要途径.感染后,弓形虫需侵入宿主细胞并形成纳虫空泡才能完成繁殖周期,研究表明弓形虫的肌动蛋白结合蛋白profilin(TgPRF)在调节虫体肌动蛋白聚合及侵入宿主细胞中发挥重要作用.同时,TgPRF也可通过Toll样受体(TLR)作为诱导宿主免疫应答尤其是固有免疫的优势抗原.本文就TgPRF的结构特点及其在虫体侵袭性、诱导宿主免疫应答方面的研究进行综述,为深入了解弓形虫的致病机制和免疫预防提供参考.%Toxoplasma gondii is a kind of worldwide obligate intracellular parasitic protozoa,which can live in almost all nucleated cells besides red blood cells and cause zoonosis.Toxoplasma gondii is mainly transmitted by the fecal-oral route;damaged skin,mucous membrane and the placenta are the secondary pathway.After infection,the parasite need to invade host cells and formate parasitophorous vacuole to complete reproductive cycle,while many studies have shown that actin binding protein profilin of Toxoplasma gondii(TgPRF) play important roles in regulating actin polymerization and invading host cells.At the same time,TgPRF can be used as a dominant antigen to induce host immune response,especially innate immunity through Toll like receptor (TLR).In this paper,the structural characteristics of TgPRF and its roles in the invasion of the host and inducing the host immune responses were reviewed,which would provide profound understanding of Toxoplasma gondii pathogenic mechanism and a reference for immune prevention.