有限水域试验场声传播特性的仿真计算与试验

摘要

在有限水域试验场中进行大型复杂结构的水下声振试验，声信号测量和数据处理是关键。天然水域边界条件未知，水文环境复杂，仿真难度高，增加了数据处理难度。采用Matlab和VB混合编程软件AcTUP，分析试验场“沉积层和水位”的选取原则，得到与试验值较为吻合的仿真模型。通过仿真计算，得到固定深度声源的“无因次量纲”参数、固定水深的声源位置及水面粗糙度对试验场声传播损失的影响规律，并基于射线声学理论对试验值和仿真值的偏差进行非相干分析，得到了有限水域试验场的基本声传播特性。%When vibration and noise control experiments of large complicated structures are conducted in limited water areas, the core aspects are acoustic signal measurement and data processing. The boundary conditions are complex and unknown, and the hydrological environment and acoustic propagation character⁃istics are intricate, which causes greater difficulties for the numerical simulation and processing difficulty of the signal. AcTUP, a combined program developed by Matlab and VB codes, is adopted to analyze the se⁃lection principles of the water level and the sedimentary layers of the testing field, obtaining a simulation model that coincides with experimental values. In this paper, via simulating calculation and analysis, the in⁃fluence discipline of 'zero dimension' parameters concerning fixed depth source, source position of constant water depth and water surface roughness on acoustic transmission loss are obtained, then certain basic acoustic transmission characteristics of the field are acquired through an incoherent analysis of the devia⁃tions between experimental values and simulating values based on ray theory.