脑卒中偏瘫患者3种步行训练方法的效果比较

摘要

目的：评价目前常用的脑卒中患者步行功能训练方法对患者步行功能恢复的影响。方法60例脑卒中患者分别运用常规步行训练法(常规组，n=20)、使用辅助工具(四脚拐)训练法(辅具组，n=20)、减重步行训练法(减重组，n=20)对患者进行步行功能训练。在训练前、训练后1个月、训练后3个月，分别采用10 m最大步行速度(MWS)、“起立-行走”计时测定(TUGT)、功能独立性测量(FIM)、Fugl-Meyer下肢运动功能评定(FMA-L)进行评价。结果训练1个月和3个月后，3组的MWS、TUGT、FIM、FMA-L评分均改善，依次为辅具组、常规组和减重组。总体上减重组效果最佳。结论减重步行训练法能更快更好地提高脑卒中偏瘫患者的步行能力。%Objective To compare the effects of 3 kinds of gait training methods on stroke patients. Methods 60 patients were divided into 3 groups, and received routine gait training, assistance and partial body weight supported treadmill training (PBWSTT) respectively. They were assessed with 10-meter Maximum Walking Speed (MWS), Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT), Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) before, 1 and 3 months after training. Results MWS, TUGT, FIM and FMA all improved in 3 groups, ranked as assistance group, routine gait training group, and PBWSTT group after training. The PBWSTT group improved the best. Conclusion PBWSTT is more effective on walking after stroke.