废弃锂离子电池富钴破碎产物的可浮性

摘要

The floatation behaviors of Co-enriched crushed products and commercialized electrode materials were compared, and the mechanism caused different floatation behavior was analyzed. The results show that, because of a huge floatability difference between commercialized electrode materials, the flotation of simulation material, a mixture of LiCoO2 and graphite, achieve good enrichment, the product grade of Co increases from 15.66% to 50.71%. The organic impurity containing C, F, P and O covers on rough surface of recovered material obtained from disassembled spent lithium-ion batteries. The impurity leads to different surface properties including the content decrease of related elements, similar surface chemical composition of LiCoO2 with graphite, and cause the change of materials surface wettability. After the flotation of Co-enriched crushed products, the grade of Co increases from 24.21% to 28.08%. Therefore, the surface modification must be conducted to the recovered Co-enriched crushed products to enlarge the wettability differences before floatation. As a result, the efficient effect of floatation separation can be achieved.%对比研究废弃锂离子电池富钴破碎产物与商品化电极材料的浮选行为，并分析不同浮选行为的机理。结果表明：商品化钴酸锂和石墨的天然可浮性差异较大，将以质量比1：1混合后的模拟物料进行浮选，钴品位由15.66%富集到50.71%；手工拆解废弃锂离子电池得到的钴酸锂颗粒和石墨颗粒表面粗糙，有杂质附着，使得电极材料表面相关元素的含量降低，该杂质为以C、F、P和O元素为主的有机物，使回收的钴酸锂和石墨颗粒表面化学组成相近，造成材料表面润湿性发生改变；富钴破碎产物经浮选后，钴品位由24.21%仅提高到28.08%。因此，浮选前必须对回收的富钴破碎产物进行表面改性，以增大钴酸锂和石墨表面润湿性差异，从而使浮选获得有效的分离。