氧气底吹铜熔炼渣中多组元造渣行为及渣型优化

摘要

通过分析氧气底吹铜熔炼过程产生的铁硅型工业铜渣中SiO2、Fe、S、Cu、CaO等组元含量变化趋势，结合冶金过程原理，研究上述各组元造渣行为及组元含量相互间的映射关系，并进行渣型优化。结果表明：SiO2、Fe、S、Cu及CaO等组元的造渣行为具有相互关联性，且各组元与Cu造渣行为的关联性由强到弱的顺序依次为S、m(Fe)/m(SiO2)、SiO2、Fe。同时，SiO2和Fe含量对Cu含量的耦合作用较明显，随SiO2含量升高，Fe含量降低，Cu含量呈降低趋势。通过渣型优化，渣中SiO2含量为26.5%~28%、Fe含量为38.5%~40%(质量分数)，该渣型的流动性较好，理论上底吹熔炼渣含Cu可降低到2.5%(质量分数)以下。%The multicomponent slagging behavior and mapping relationship of SiO2, Fe, S, Cu and CaO and slag constitution optimization were investigated by analyzing SiO2, Fe, S, CaO and Cu content variation trends of industrial iron silicate slag in copper oxygen bottom blowing bath smelting (BBS) process, combined with metallurgical process principles. The results show that the slagging behaviors of SiO2, Fe, S, Cu and CaO have certain correlation, and the correlation sequence with Cu slagging behavior is S, m(Fe)/m(SiO2), SiO2, Fe. The rule of coupling interaction between SiO2 and Fe to Cu is sensible. Cu content increases with the increase of SiO2 and the decrease of Fe. Through optimizing the slag, SiO2 and Fe contents in slag are 26.5%−28%and 38.5%−40%(mass fraction), respectively. The slag has good fluidity, Cu content of BBS slag is lower than 2.5%in theory.