铜闪速吹炼过程杂质元素分配行为的热力学分析

摘要

利用已开发的铜闪速吹炼过程多相平衡热力学数学模型,计算某典型铜闪速吹炼生产工况,验证模型热力学分析的可行性,进而考察粗铜含硫(CSCu)、渣中钙铁比(RCaFe)、富氧浓度(CO,体积分数)、吹炼温度(T)对杂质元素在吹炼产物中分配行为的影响.结果表明:提高CSCu、T或降低RCaFe、CO将导致杂质在粗铜中分配率升高、而入渣率降低、有害杂质挥发率升高.在铜锍量和成分一定条件下,吹炼过程宜在"低粗铜含硫与吹炼温度"和"高渣中钙铁比与富氧浓度"条件下进行.综合考虑粗铜质量和渣含铜,CSCu、RCaFe和T建议分别控制在0.20%、0.4和1526 K左右,而CO应根据制氧成本和炉内反应状况适当控制.%With the developed multi-phase equilibrium mathematical model of the copper flash converting process, the typical production condition of the converting process was calculated, and the feasibility of the thermodynamic analysis by this model was verified. Then the effects of the content of sulfide in blister copper(CSCu), the ratio of Ca/Fe in slag(RCaFe), the oxygen-rich concentration(CO) and the converting temperature(T) on the distribution behavior of impurity elements in the converting product were studied using this model. The results show that, increasing CSCu, T or decreasing RCaFe, CO will lead to be the results in higher distribution rate of impurities in blister copper, lower removal rate of impurities into the slag and higher volatile rate of harmful impurities. For the matte with a certain amount and a certain composition, appropriate conditions of melting process are "low CSCu , T "and "high RCaFe, CO". However, considering the quality of blister copper and slag containing copper, the CSCu, RCaFe and T should be controlled at about 0.20%, 0.4 and 1526 K, respectively, and the CO should be controlled properly based on oxygen generation cost and the reaction conditions in the furnace.