Objective To investigate fungal positive isolating rate of oropharynx and nasal cavity of HIV infected patients. Methods Collected mucous membrane secretions of pharyngo-oral cavity ulcer, leukoplakia, angular cheilitis, pharynx-buccal region and concha nasalis inferior or middle nasal meatus of nasal cavity were inoculated into 1 mL SDA liquid medium directly. The centrifugated depositions were observed directly under microscopy and inoculated into CHROM agar in 37℃ for 48 h. The isolate might be inoculated into Czapek agar medium in 25℃ for 1 week if it was filamentous, then identified into species by colony morphology and structures observed under microscopy. Results Among 94 HIV infected patients, there were 62 patients (66% ) who were positive for fungal culture of pharyngo-oral cavity and 65 strains were isolated. While for nasal cavity, 48 patients (51% ) were positive and 57 strains were obtained. Conclusions HIV infected patients were immunocompromised and easy to get secondary fungus infection. The high fungal colonization rate in oropharynx and nasal cavity were precursory symptom of invasive fungal infection. The isolation ratio of Candida albicans were the highest, 61% and 33% for oropharynx and nasal cavity repectively.%目的 了解HIV感染者口咽及鼻腔内真菌分离阳性率.方法 用无菌拭子采集口咽腔溃疡、白斑、口角炎等和咽颊区黏膜分泌物,鼻腔取下鼻甲黏膜或中鼻道黏膜分泌物,直接接种于1 mL沙堡弱液体培养基中.取该离心沉淀物作真菌直接镜检,并接种于科玛嘉念珠菌显色培养基置37℃培养48 h后鉴定.如为丝状真菌,转种于察氏琼脂.25C培养1周后根据菌落形态结合镜下结构鉴定菌种.结果 94例HIV感染者在口咽腔中真菌培养阳性62例(66％),分离出65株真菌,在鼻腔中真菌培养阳性48例(51％),分离出57株真菌.结论 HIV感染者免疫功能低下,易继发真菌机会性感染,口咽及鼻腔真菌的高寄居率是HIV侵袭性真菌感染的先兆症状,真菌菌种以白念珠菌比例为最高,口咽及鼻腔分别61％和33％.
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