Objective To evaluate the CT features of patients with pulmonary fungal infection mimicking thoracic tumor and to increase awareness for both clinicans and radiologists to avoid misdiagnosis.Methods The clinical and CT findingsfrom 53 patients with pulmonary fungal infection mimicking tumor were reviewed retrospectively.Results Of 53 patients with pulmonary fungal infec⁃tion,32 (60.4%) were cryptococcosis,21 (39.6%) were aspergillosis,29 (54.7%) were single lesion and 24 (45.3%) were multi⁃ple lesions.CT findings included nodules 30 (56.6%),mass 10 (18.9%),or both 13 (24.5%).The median lesion size was 2.5 cm (range 1.0⁃7.0 cm).The lesions were in 53 patients,32 (60.4%) were adjacent to the pleura,21 (39.6%) were in other places. There was no statistically significant difference in characteristics,shape,lobulation,spiculation,halo sign and other additional lesions such aspatchinvasiveinfection,miliary nodules,lyphadenopathy,pleural thickening and pleural effusion (P>0.05).There was statisti⁃cally significant difference in location ( χ 2 = 10.633),margin ( χ 2 = 4.828) and cavity ( χ 2 = 18.702)(P<0.05).Conclusion Cryp⁃tococcosis and aspergillosis were more common in pulmonary fungal infection mimicking tumor.The CT findings were characteristic in two different fungal infection.The differential diagnosis from pulmonary malignancy should combine CT findings with clinical.%目的：分析形态学上类似肿瘤样病变的肺部真菌感染的 CT 征象，以提高认识，减少误诊。方法回顾性分析53例经手术病理证实的类肿瘤样肺部真菌感染的基本临床资料及 CT 表现。结果53例类肿瘤样肺部真菌感染中32（60．4％）例为隐球菌感染，21（39．6％）例为曲霉菌感染。29（54．7％）例为单发病灶，24（45．3％）例为多发病灶。 CT 表现为实性肺结节的30（56．6％）例，表现为实性肺部肿块的10（18．9％）例，两者都有的13（24．5％）例。病灶大小1～7 cm，中位大小2．5 cm。53例中病灶位于胸膜下32（60．4％）例，肺内其他部位21（39．6％）例。隐球菌和曲霉菌在病灶特征、形态、分叶征、毛刺征、晕征及其他伴随病变如片状浸润灶、粟粒样结节、淋巴结肿大、胸膜增厚、胸腔积液等方面差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05），在病灶部位（χ2＝10．633）、边界（χ2＝4．828）及病灶内有无空洞或空腔性病变（χ2＝18．702）等方面差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论类肿瘤样肺部真菌感染以隐球菌及曲霉菌感染多见，两种真菌感染 CT 表现具有一定特征性，结合临床可与肺内恶性肿瘤进行鉴别。
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