一种新型相变纳米微球增强高强度聚焦超声消融的实验研究

摘要

Objective To investigate the effect of lipid encapsulated 1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane phase change nanodroplets for high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation.Methods The lipid encapsulated 1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane phase change nanodroplets was prepared with membrane hydration method,and its physicochemical properties were examined.The synergistic effect of HIFU ablation was verified with experiments in vitro and in vivo experiments.For in vitro experiment,the isolated bovine liver tissues were irradiated with HIFU (250 W,10 s,continuous wave).For in vivo experiment,the livers of New Zealand rabbits were irradiated with HIFU (200 W,5 s,continuous wave).The volume of coagulative necrosis,energy efficiency factors (EEF) and the volume of the hyperechoic area after HIFU radiation were measured.And the statistical analysis was performed.Results Phase change nanoparticles were spherical in solution and uniform in size.For in vitro experiment,the coagulative necrosis volume,EEF and hyperechoic area of bovine liver tissue injected with nanodroplets were significantly higher than those of untreated bovine liver tissue (t=28.80,19.55,14.30;P=0.01,0.02,0.02) after HIFU.For in vivo experiment,the coagulative necrosis volume,EEF and hyperechoic area of rabbit liver tissue injected with nanodroplets were significantly higher than those of untreated rabbit liver tissue (t=9.41,13.52,15.67;P=0.02,0.01,0.01) after HIFU.Conclusion The lipid encapsulated 1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane phase change nanodroplets can significantly improve the efficiency of HIFU ablation significantly.%目的 探讨脂质包裹1,1,2-三氯三氟乙烷相变纳米微球对高强度聚焦超声(HIFU)消融效果的影响.方法 采用薄膜水化法制备脂质包裹1,1,2-三氯三氟乙烷相变纳米微球并检测其理化性质.通过离体及在体实验验证其对HIFU的增效作用.离体实验采用250 W、10 s的连续波辐照离体牛肝组织.在体实验采用200 W、5 s的连续波辐照活体新西兰大白兔的肝脏组织.测量、计算HIFU辐照后靶区的凝固性坏死体积、能效因子(EEF)及强回声区体积,并进行统计分析.结果 相变纳米微球在溶液中呈球状、均匀分布,粒径均一.离体实验显示,注射有纳米微球的牛肝组织HI-FU辐照后凝固性坏死体积、EEF及强回声区体积均大于未经处理的牛肝组织(t=28.80、19.55、14.30,P=0.01、0.02、0.02).在体实验显示,注射有纳米微球的新西兰大白兔肝组织HIFU辐照后凝固性坏死体积、EEF及强回声区体积均大于对照组(t=9.41、13.52、15.67,P=0.02、0.01、0.01).结论 脂质包裹1,1,2-三氯三氟乙烷相变纳米微球可明显提高HIFU消融效率.