不同罩材聚能装药对多层介质侵彻的实验与数值模拟

摘要

To investigate the large penetrated hole's performance of shaped charge against multi-layer target,a titanium alloy liner of shaped charge is proposed. Using the method of experimental and numerical simulation,the jet formation and penetration into multi-layer target are investigated. Difference among the explosion energy conversion,jet tip velocity,jet length,penetration performance,and also the shock wave propagation in the penetrating process are analyzed,for which liner materials include titanium alloy,mild steel and Cu. It is found that compared with the mild steel or Cu liner, the liner material made of titanium alloy has a larger energy of jet whose shape is podgier,the depth as well as diameter of crater is bigger. Although the penetration depth decreases slightly, the size of crater formed in concrete increases obviously and the average penetrated hole diameter on multi-layer increases by 20%.%为实现聚能装药对多层介质的大破孔侵彻，提出了钛合金药型罩聚能装药设计方案。采用实验与数值模拟相结合的方法，对钛合金、低碳钢及紫铜罩聚能装药侵彻多层介质进行了研究，分析了钛合金聚能侵彻体相对于紫铜和低碳钢侵彻体在成型过程中，其动能、头部速度及射流长度等的差异，并对侵彻过程中应力波的传播特性进行了分析。结果表明：相对于紫铜和低碳钢，钛合金罩聚能侵彻体的能量转换率高，所获得的动能大，头尾速度梯度小，外形更为短粗；虽对多层介质侵彻时侵彻深度有所减小，但漏斗坑尺寸明显增大，且平均破孔孔径提高了约20％。