玄武岩纤维布超高速撞击损伤分析

摘要

在航天器空间碎片超高速撞击防护领域中，采用高技术纤维作为防护材料是当今防护结构发展的趋势之一，玄武岩纤维（Basalt Fiber）是近年来受到关注的一种高强度纤维。对玄武岩纤维织物受铝合金弹丸超高速撞击时的宏观穿孔损伤特性和细观纤维丝断裂损伤特性进行了分析研究，观察到了冲击高压造成的材料熔化现象，根据实验结果拟合得到了玄武岩纤维布撞击孔的孔径方程，根据纤维丝断口形貌分析了纤维丝的断裂原因。研究结果可为玄武岩纤维材料在空间碎片防护结构中的应用提供有益参考。%It is feasible to develop a shield with high strength fiber materials in order to protect space craft against space debris's impacts. Basalt fiber is one of the high strength materials being noticed in recent years. The aim of this study was to probe into the macro-damage property on perforation and mecro-damage of fibers in basalt fiber woven fabric. The molten materials caused by high temperature under impact were observed. The perforation equation of the fabric was developed based on the hypervelocity impact data. The mecro-damage reasons of the basalt fiber were researched according to the damage form of the cross section on the fiber. This study is beneficial to the application of basalt fiber woven fabric to the space debris shielding.