目的:检测凋亡调控抑制蛋白Bcl-2在成釉细胞分化、分泌过程中的表达,观察细胞超微结构的变化,探讨Bcl-2和细胞凋亡在该过程的可能作用.方法:制备出生后2、5、7、9、14 d不同发育阶段的BALB/C小鼠下颌第一磨牙牙胚标本,采用原位末端标记法(TUNEL法)和PV免疫组织化学技术观察成釉细胞分化、分泌和釉质发育完成各阶段细胞凋亡以及Bcl-2的表达情况;透射电镜观察细胞超微结构的变化.结果:出生后第2～5天,小鼠下颌第一磨牙成釉细胞处于分化期,超微结构可见胞浆内有高尔基复合体和线粒体,并有细胞增生的核分裂;免疫组化结果显示Bcl-2阳性表达,TUNEL检测结果发现部分细胞胞核阳性表达,提示细胞凋亡的存在;出生后第7天,成釉细胞已开始分泌,可见新形成的釉质,胞核远基底排列,胞核附近可见大量线粒体,胞质内可见大量高尔基复合体和粗面内质网,胞浆呈Bcl-2强阳性表达,TUNEL检测结果发现少量细胞胞核阳性表达;出生后14 d,釉质发育完成,成釉细胞变短,间隙变大,细胞器数量减少,核膜逐渐不清,核糖体脱颗粒水肿,呈现凋亡征象,胞浆未见Bcl-2阳性表达.结论:细胞凋亡在釉质发育的各期皆有表达,Bcl-2作为凋亡抑制基因可能参与了成釉细胞的分化、分泌的调控.%AIM: To observe Bcl-2 expresion during amelogenesis in developing mouse molars. METH-rnODS : First molar germs of postnatal 2 - 14 d BALB/C mice were extracted. The morphology and distribution of amelo-blasts in the tooth germ were examined by light and transmission electron microscopy. PV two-step immunohistochemi-cal method was used to detect the expression of Bcl-2 protein. Apoptosis was identified by the terminal deoxy-transfer-ase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) method. RESULTS: Bcl-2 positive cells was detected in the proliferating pre-ameloblasts and secretory stage ameloblasts, but the immunoreactivity disappeared when enamel was secreted fully. TUNEL staining of apoptosis cells was observed in every stage of ameloblasts, especially in the mature stage. Ultrastructural changes of apoptosis in ameloblasts were observed in every stage of ameloblast development. CONCLUSION: The results indicated that Bcl-2 may play a role in the process of amelogenesis with its proposed mechanisms of action in the control of apoptosis.
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