目的 考察和分析镇江地区居民对生前预嘱的认知情况,为生前预嘱这个重要的人生课题提供人口学资料.方法 2017年1月至3月在镇江地区对>18岁的常住人口进行纸质问卷调查,合计调查1050例.共发放自行设计的纸质问卷1050份,剔除拒绝调查及调查内容不完整者,回收1000份有效问卷,有效回收率95.24%(1000/1050).调查表的内容包括性别、年龄、受教育程度、健康自评、家庭人员月均生活费、婚姻状况、是否有子女、医疗付费方式、职业和是否目睹过患者临终前状况.对生前预嘱的认知程度分为完全不了解、基本不了解、有些了解、基本了解、完全了解5个类别.结果 性别、年龄、受教育程度、健康自评、家庭人员月均生活费、婚姻状况、医疗付费方式、职业和目睹过患者临终前状况等均可影响居民对生前预嘱的认知情况(P<0.05),是否有子女对生前预嘱的认知情况影响不显著(P>0.05),594例对生前预嘱的认知为"完全不了解"至"基本不了解",235例为"基本了解"和"非常了解".对生前预嘱认知不同的人群了解生前预嘱的途径相似(P>0.05),大多数从网络或电视媒体途径获得,但对于自己接受"我的五个愿望"的生前预嘱不同及推荐周围人使用生前预嘱的意愿不同,随着了解程度的加深,自己的接受度及愿意推荐其他人使用的意愿度增高(P<0.05).结论 居民对生前预嘱的认知程度较低,大部分人处于完全不了解或基本不了解状态.生前预嘱的认知程度受到多种因素影响,其中受教育程度较低、家庭人员月均生活费较低和职业不同对生前预嘱认知程度影响较大.%Objective To investigate and analyze the zhenjiang residents′cognition of living will and provide demographic sample for living wills the important life lessons.Methods A total of 1050 people were investigated for the zhenjiang residents population,and 1000 valid questionnaires were collected,and the effective recovery rate was 95.24%(1000/1050).The questionnaire included gender,age,education,health self-assessment,family member monthly living expenses,marital status,children,medical expenses,occupation and whether had the experience of witnessing the pa-tient′s pre-dying condition.Cognition was divided into completely do not understand,basically do not understand,some understanding,basic understanding and fully understand.Results Sex,age,education,health self-evaluation,family member monthly living expenses,marital status,medical expenses,occupation and witnessed the patient before the death of the situation affected the residents′cognition(P<0.05).There had no significant difference in the cognitive situation between the investigators who had or had no children(P>0.05).Less people knew the meaning of the cognition.Con-clusions Most residents know little about living will,expecially the less education,lower family expenses and the differ-ent jobs affect the cognition of living will.
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