[目的] 以淮河流域为研究对象,揭示我国南北气候过渡带典型地区不同特征气温的变化规律.[方法] 基于1960~2015年间的观测数据,综合线性回归、距平、小波和重标极差分形等时间序列分析方法,探讨淮河流域气温变化的过程、趋势与周期特征.[结果] (1) 年平均气温、春、秋、冬季气温总体都呈上升趋势,但夏季气温无明显变化趋势,且20世纪90年代中期以后不同气温都存在明显的升高趋势.(2) 年平均最高气温和年平均最低气温都呈波动上升趋势,但最低气温上升幅度大于最高气温,而气温年较差为波动减小趋势.(3) 年气温、春秋冬季气温存在较显著的2年、3~5年左右短周期,而夏季气温无明显周期规律.(4) 未来气温变化趋势上,年气温、年平均最高气温、年平均最低气温、不同季节气温仍将呈升高趋势,而气温年较差仍继续呈减小趋势.[结论] 1960年以来淮河流域不同特征气温总体呈升高趋势,显示了气候变暖的区域影响效应,但气候变暖对气温偏低季节的影响更偏大,且未来流域气温仍将持续升高.%Air temperature is analyzed to get an insight into the temporal change of air temperature in Huaihe River Basin (HRB). Based on the observed data from meteorological stations and the multi-temporal analysis methods including linear regression, anomalies analysis, wavelet and Rescaled Range Analysis, this paper analyzed the change trend and the period features of air temperature in HRB in 1960~2015. The results showed that(1) rising trend can be found in annual temperature, spring temperature, autumn temperature and winter temperature, but there was almost no change trend in summer temperature. A larger change range appeared since 1990s in spring temperature,autumn temperature and winter temperature. (2) Annual maximum temperature and minimum tem-perature showed an increasing trend,but the change range of annual maximum temperature was larger than that of the minimum temperature. (3) A period at about 2 years and 3~5 years can be checked for annual temperature, spring temperature, autumn temperature and winter temperature, but there was no significant period in summer temperature. (4) As for the long range change,a continuous change trend lasted in the near future for annual tem-perature,seasonal temperature,maximum temperature and minimum temperature. Since 1960,rising trend of dif-ferent air temperature indicated a regional response to the global warming, however, change range of air tempera-ture was larger in the seasons with relatively low air temperature, and air temperature will continue to increase in the near future.
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