低体重、超重对幼儿身体素质的影响

摘要

Objective :To investigate the effect of underweight and overweight on physical fitness of 5~ 6 years old preschool children of China .Method :52652 of 5 ~ 6 years old preschool children (male 26429 ,female 26214 ) from 2000 and 2005 China Physical Fitness Surveillance were divided into underweight group ,normal weight group and overweight group by the IOTF criteria .Result :1) The overweight rate of 5~6 years old preschool children rose from 2000 to 2005 ,and underweight rate decreased ;2) The anthropometric index of underweight group was lowest than other groups ,overweight group was highest among groups and normal weight group was mediate between two groups ;3)The physical fitness of normal weight group were better than other groups except for sit and reach test in preschool children ,tennis thrower was also except in female .Conclusion :The overweight rate of preschool children increased gradually in China ,it is important to prevent overweight into obesity ,overweight affected the physical fitness of 5 -6 years old preschool children .%目的：探讨低体重、超重是否对我国5～6岁幼儿身体素质产生了影响。方法：采用国际肥胖工作组制定的标准将我国2000年和2005年国民体质监测中的52652名5～6岁幼儿（男性幼儿为26323名，女性幼儿为26329名）划分为低体重组、正常体重组、超重组，比较3组幼儿身体素质的差异。结果：1）2005年与2000年相比，我国5～6岁幼儿超重检出率出现上升；2）超重组的生长发育水平好于其他两组，低体重组最差，正常体重组居中；3）男性幼儿中，除了坐位体前屈外，其他指标均表现为正常体重组大于其他两组；女性幼儿中，除了网球掷远和坐位体前屈外，其他指标同样表现为正常体重组大于其他两组。结论：我国幼儿面临着超重检出率上升的趋势，应关注预防超重向肥胖的发展，超重已对5～6岁幼儿身体素质产生了影响。