水稻区试中人工插秧和收割改机械作业初探

摘要

A field experiment was carried out to explore the feasibility of application with mechanical transplanting and mechanical harvesting to replace manual labor in rice regional test. The results showed that mechanical transplanting would shorten rice growth stage and influence the essential economical characters and yield of rice with different degree. At the same time, it had some defects need to be solved. For example, no special seedling tray, frequently changed seedlings, the body of equipment was too long and the fi-nal seeding number was difficult to determine. Mechanical harvesting could be popularized in large area, because it has the charater-istics of easy to operate, time-saving, labor-saving and high efficiency, etc.%以人工作业为对照，探讨了机械插秧和机械收割替代水稻区域试验中人工插秧和人工收割的可行性。结果表明，区域试验采用机械插秧处理会缩短参试水稻的生育期、不同程度影响其主要经济性状及产量，同时，操作中存在无专配秧盘、换秧频繁、机身过长难操作、小区株数难确定等问题，需进一步探究解决办法；而机械收割具有简单易操作、省时、省工、高效等特点，可在区域试验中大范围推广应用。