背景与目的:经气管镜超声引导针吸活检术(endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration,EBUS-TBNA)是用于诊断纵隔淋巴结等病变的最新微创检查方法.本研究旨在评价EBUS-TBNA用于纵隔淋巴结定性诊断的价值.方法:2009年4月1日-2009年7月16日之间,共计20例纵隔淋巴结肿大患者接受EBUS-TBNA检查.总结穿刺结果,评价该方法的应用价值.结果:20例患者共穿刺淋巴结37组,穿刺成功率100%,未发生并发症.EBUS-TBNA检查总体准确率90.00%(其中上皮性癌诊断准确率100%),灵敏度84.62%,特异度100%,阳性预测值100%,阴性预测值77.78%.每组淋巴结平均操作时间为11.9 min.20例患者术后住院1～17 d,中位住院1 d.前3例患者各组平均操作时间为36.25 min,后17例患者各组平均操作时间为7.76 min,两者差异具有显著性(z-=3.247,P=0.001).结论:EBUS-TBNA检查安全性好,准确率高,是用于纵隔淋巴结定性诊断的较好方法.%Background and purpose: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is a new minimally invasive method in the dignosis for mediastinal lymph nodes. This study was to evaluate the diagnostic yield of EBUS-TBNA for mediastinal lymph nodes. Methods: Twenty patients with mediastinal lymph nodes found by CT underwent the dignosis by EBUS-TBNA form April 1st 2009 to July 16th 2009. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of EBUS-TBNA were evaluated. Results: Twenty patients with 37 lymph node groups were studied. Overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy of EBUS-TBNA for diagnostic were 84.62%, 100%, 100%, 77.78% and 90.00%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy for cancer was 100%. The operation time was 11.9min per group in average with no serious complication. The median length of hospital stay was 1 (range from 1 to 17 days) day after operation. There were significant differences in the average operation time between the first three patients and the others (36.25 min vs. 7.76 min; z=3.247, P=0.001). Conclusion: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration proved to be a safe procedure with a high yield for the diagnosis of mediastinal lymph nodes.
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