复杂过渡带海底电缆地震资料处理难点及关键技术--以渤海CF过渡带勘探区块为例

摘要

针对渤海CF过渡带勘探区块海底电缆地震资料的特点，分析了资料处理中存在的双检合并、静校正、子波一致性和复杂断裂系统准确成像等难点，制定了一套有针对性的处理关键技术对策。实际地震资料处理效果表明：利用交叉鬼波化双检合并技术可以解决复杂过渡带水检与陆检地震资料的合并问题，较好地消除鬼波对地震资料的影响；运用野外静校正、中波长静校正和地表一致性剩余静校正等技术可以增强复杂过渡带剖面同相轴的连续性和信噪比；利用地表一致性振幅补偿、串联反褶积和相位一致性处理技术可以消除复杂过渡带地震子波在振幅、频率、相位等方面的差别；运用叠前时间偏移成像技术可以解决复杂断裂系统的成像问题，取得较好的成像效果。%In terms of the characteristics of OBC(oceanbottom cable)seismic data in the explora-tion block,CF transitional zone,Bohai water, severalprocessingdifficultieswereanalyzed,inclu-ding dual-detector summing,static correction,wavelet consistence and accurate imaging of com-plexfaultsystems,anda setofcontermeasures of keytechniques to process these seismic data weredeveloped.Theprocessingresultsofactualseismic data have suggested that:(1)the dual-detectorsummingtechnique of cross ghosts can be used to solve the summing problem of water-and land-de-tector seismic data and more effectively eliminate theghostimpactsontheseismicdata;(2)thestat-iccorrectioninthefield,staticcorrectionofmiddle wavelength and consistent residual static correc-tiononthe surface can be used to enhance the e-vent continuation and signaloise ratio on the seismic sections in complex transitional zones;(3)the wavelet differences in amplitude,fre-quency and phase in complex transitional zones canbe eliminated by using the techniques of con-sistent amplitude compensation on the surface, cascadeddeconvolutionandphaseconsistencepro-cessing;(4)the imaging technique of pre-stack timemigrationcanbeusedtosolvetheproblemto image complex fault systems and make the ima-gingqualityquitebetter.