一种基于波动方程迭代反演的平缆鬼波压制新方法

摘要

Along with the increasing difficulty in oil and gas exploration and development,broadband seismic data is attracting more and more attention.The ghost wave is a primary factor restricting the onshore broad-band seismic data,and effective cable deghosting method is one of the main approaches to obtain the onshore broadband seismic data.One new deghosting method based on the iterative inversion of wave equation is proposed.It depends on the relationship that the ghost wave is an effective wave to be spread upward through the sea level,and then is reflected continuously downward and received by the cable,to realize the suppression of the cable ghost wave through solution of the inverse problem on the wave equation;according to the reciprocity principle,this method can also be used to suppress the source ghost wave.The results of theoretical model test and practical data show that this method can effectively suppress the cable ghost wave and source ghost waves,and effectively broaden the frequency range of seismic data.The resolution is significantly improved,which is helpful to the inversion and interpretation of seismic data.%随着油气勘探开发难度的增加,宽频地震资料越来越受到重视.鬼波是制约海上宽频地震资料的主要因素,鬼波的有效压制是海上获取宽频地震资料的主要途径之一.提出了一种基于波动理论的平缆鬼波压制新方法,利用鬼波是有效波向上传播经过海平面反射继续向下传播被电缆所接收的关系,通过波动方程反问题的求解,实现电缆鬼波的压制;根据互易原理,该方法同时可用于震源鬼波的压制.理论模型测试与实际资料应用结果表明,该方法可以有效压制平缆的电缆鬼波与震源鬼波,有效拓宽地震资料的频带范围,分辨率得到了明显提高,有利于地震资料的反演与解释.